Rat CD103-MHCII+CD45R-CD161+CD172a+ cells are a novel potent subpopulation of cDC2, corresponding to known mouse and human subpopulations., Yasushi Sawanobori, Tadayuki Ogawa, Hisashi Ueta, Yusuke Kitazawa, Nobuko Tokuda, APPW2025, 19 Mar. 2025, 17 Mar. 2025, 19 Mar. 2025, Oral presentation, Chiba, Japan, Japan, Dendritic cells (DCs) are known for their potent capabilities in antigen presentation, T cell priming, and cytokine secretion. They consist of XCR1+ conventional DC1 (cDC1), CD172a+ cDC2, and plasmacytoid DC subsets. While CD11c serves as the primary marker for DCs in mice and humans, rat DCs have traditionally been identified by CD103 molecules. However, this history cannot exclude the possibility of CD103- DC existence in rats.
To investigate this possibility, we examined low-density cells from the rat spleen and MHCII-enriched rat thymic cells, finding CD103-MHCII+CD45R-CD161+CD172a+ cells. These cells were negative for CD103 and the B cell marker CD45R, but positive for another rat DC marker CD161 and the cDC2 marker CD172a. For further characterization, we performed microarray analyses on these cells. Principal component analysis, marker gene expression, and similarity to murine counterparts indicated that these cells represent a subpopulation of cDC2. Consequently, we designated this novel subset and the classic rat cDC2 as CD103- cDC2 and CD103+ cDC2, respectively.
Subsequently, we investigated the functionality of the rat CD103- and CD103+ cDC2 subsets. Gene set enrichment analyses suggested that the rat CD103- cDC2 subsets are enriched for immune-associated terms, while the rat CD103+ cDC2 subsets are enriched for cell cycle-associated terms. Consistent with this prediction, the rat CD103- cDC2 cells induced enhanced T cell proliferation in mixed lymphocyte reaction assays.
Given that mouse and human cDC2 subsets include subpopulations such as cDC2a, cDC2b, inf-cDC2, and moDC, we compared the rat CD103- and CD103+ cDC2 subsets to these subpopulations. The rat CD103- cDC2s expressed markers associated with cDC2a, cDC2b, inf-cDC2, and moDC, whereas the rat CD103+ cDC2s expressed exclusively cDC2a markers.
These findings suggest that a substantial and potent population of DCs may have been overlooked in studies relying on anti-CD103 criteria. Researchers working with rat models should consider the presence of CD103- cDC2s in their investigations., False, Domestic journal
A single-cell analysis revealed tissue-restricted antigen-expressing fibroblasts accumulated in epithelium-free areas in rat thymic medulla, Yasushi Sawanobori, Hisashi Ueta, Yusuke Kitazawa, and Nobuko Tokuda, The 53rd Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society for Immunology, 03 Dec. 2024, 03 Dec. 2024, 05 Dec. 2024, Oral presentation, Nagasaki, Japan, Japan, Several reports have indicated that not only medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) but also thymic medullary fibroblasts (mFbs) express tissue-restricted antigens (TRAs) that are essential for the negative selection (Nitta 2020, Nitta 2021).
On the other hand, we have reported that there are medullary epithelium-free areas (mEFAs) that lack mTECs in the medulla of rat thymus (Sawanobori 2014, Sawanobori 2021). We recently performed immunohistochemistry upon some candidate antigens to reveal accumulated cells in the mEFAs, finding the accumulation of PDGFRb+ fibroblasts in this area.
Based on these facts, we performed a single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) analysis on rat thymic stromal cells to investigate whether the rat mEFAs are the place to present TRAs expressed by mFbs.
The umap clustering revealed five fibroblast subsets: Fb1-4s and capsular fibroblasts (capFbs). Fb1s and Fb2s expressed Pdgfra mainly. Fb3s and Fb4s expressed Pdgfrb and significant TRA genes, suggesting that they are the mFbs accumulated in the rat mEFAs. The velocity analysis revealed that Fb1s are an independent cluster, Fb2s are progenitors of capFbs, and Fb3s are the progenitors of Fb4s.
Our research has demonstrated that TRA-expressing PDGFRb+ Fbs accumulate in the rat mEFAs, suggesting that mEFAs are where Fb-derived TRA are presented. Moreover, we have discovered novel fibroblast subsets: Pdgfra+ Fb1s and capFb progenitor Fb2s. Now, investigations into functions and localizations of these novel subsets are ongoing.
An additional remark: The scRNA-seq also revealed subpopulations of rat mTECs that have been poorly understood. Data concerning mTECs will also be presented., False, Domestic journal